The research
- Why you should trust us
- Who should get a smart thermostat
- How we picked and tested
- Top pick: Ecobee Smart Thermostat Premium
- Runner-up: Ecobee Smart Thermostat Essential
- Best for Nest: Google Nest Learning Thermostat
- Budget pick: Amazon Smart Thermostat
- Our pick for smart thermostat for electric heating
- Other smart thermostats worth considering
- What to look forward to
- The competition
Why you should trust us
Roy Furchgott has personally reviewed more than 1,000 pieces of consumer technology and over 500 apps, including a wide array of smart-home devices for numerous publications, including The New York Times, The Washington Post, Business Week, Forbes, and Wired.
- I have tested more than a dozen thermostats since I began reviewing electronics, in 2011.
- I or a colleague has used each of our thermostat picks for a minimum of a few months and many of them for more than a year.
- I accept no freebies. In accordance with Wirecutter standards, I return or donate all products once tested (this may involve longer-term testing conducted by me and my colleagues).
Who should get a smart thermostat
A smart thermostat is a good investment for anyone who wants to trim their energy use and utility bills without sacrificing comfort. Our picks are all Energy Star–certified, which means that if used as intended, they will save at least 8% of your annual heating and cooling bill. And the manufacturers of the devices in this guide claim you can save even more than that—as much as 26% per year for some homes. (It doesn’t hurt that saving energy is good for the planet, or that energy companies frequently offer rebates and incentives to replace a traditional thermostat with a smart one.)
These internet-connected thermostats are also a boon if you travel frequently or own more than one home, since they allow you to remotely ensure your property is correctly heated and cooled, and at your preferred temperature when you arrive.
When you’re traveling, thermostats can be set for ultra economy at a temperature outside your comfort level and then reset to your normal desired temp for when you return. Some do this automatically with geofencing, which controls temperature settings based on your location.
Owners of rentals, vacation homes, or Airbnbs can make certain that guests aren’t abusing the HVAC system or that pipes aren’t in danger of freezing in unoccupied properties.
A smart thermostat also gives caretakers who live separately from their charges, such as elderly relatives, one more avenue to monitor their well-being.
There is also a useful safety aspect to smart thermostats. Models like the Google Nest Learning Thermostat can interact with smart smoke detectors and instruct the HVAC system to shut down whenever the smoke alarm activates, helping to thwart the spread of fire and reduce potential smoke damage.
While these thermostats are likely to increase comfort and still save energy, their ability to do so is highly dependent on various factors, such as your home’s geographic location, how well your home is insulated, what type of heating and/or cooling system you have, and how toasty or cool you like your environment.
One important caveat: The AI that makes a thermostat smart can suffer from one flaw for a particular minority of users. Thermostats get much of their savings by strategically adjusting the temperature set point overnight or when you leave home, a process called a “setback.” Doing that lets your home’s temperature drop in the winter and rise in the summer. In some cases, depending on climate and equipment, too much of a setback can end up causing some HVACs to run nonstop to get the home back to your desired temperature but never quite get there before it’s time to do a setback, which defeats the purpose. Fortunately, it’s a problem that’s easily addressed (more on that below).
How we picked and tested
There are dozens of Wi-Fi–connected thermostats that claim to be smart but in reality may be only internet-connected. We considered only models that have what we think are the most important features:
- an Energy Star rating, which may qualify for a hefty rebate
- geofencing technology
- remote control by app
- DIY installation
- value for money
- reliability
- robust security and privacy policies
We preferred models with additional capabilities, such as:
- remote sensors
- automated programming through machine learning
- pleasing aesthetics
- quiet operation
Our primary testing goal was to determine whether each thermostat was able to make our home consistently comfortable. Then, we looked at the ways it would achieve that and whether they ended up saving energy. Our picks were connected to a heat-pump-based HVAC for a period of months in a roughly 1,500-square-foot, three-level home in the mid-Atlantic region. All of them were installed relying on the guides included in the companion apps. Adjustments were made as needed until the thermostats ran as autonomously as possible.
Runner-up: Ecobee Smart Thermostat Essential

Compatibility: Amazon Alexa, Apple Home, Google Home, Samsung SmartThings
The Ecobee Smart Thermostat Essential shares the technological underpinnings of the more full-featured Ecobee Premium and Enhanced models, and it works just as consistently: It equaled the Premium in keeping my 1,100-square-foot, three-level house more consistently comfortable than any of the thermostats from other brands we tested. I believe that’s because it shares the Premium’s ability to use indoor humidity data when automatically adjusting the temperature, and also, more importantly, because I added optional remote sensors to problem spots in my home. If your home tends to have balanced temperatures throughout, the Ecobee Essential is ideal. (Should you intend to add remote SmartSensors and not own them already, note that you’ll be adding about $100 to the price.)
Ecobee also has a best-in-class privacy policy, and the company still provides tech support for even its earliest models.
Here’s where the Essential differs from the Premium and Enhanced models.
It’s cheaper because it’s stripped-down. As its name suggests, the Essential does away with a few key features and components found in the higher-priced Ecobee models. In particular, it lacks:
- a built-in occupancy sensor
- an air-quality sensor
- a smoke alarm detector
- a microphone and speaker for intercom and hands-free calls, as well as built-in Siri or Alexa voice access
The Essential also doesn’t come with a mounting plate (which is an extra $15 when you place your order), and the housing of the Essential is plastic, rather than the metal and glass of the Premium.
Flaws but not dealbreakers
- During setup, you’re asked some obscure technical questions that may require research, but at least this aspect of setup is a bit improved over the past in that the app now suggests a likely answer.
- In my experience, obtaining customer support required a couple of tries at navigating the voicemail system and then waiting for a callback.
- The Essential is smaller than other Ecobee models, by about a half inch, and it has a plastic housing, which is less polished-looking than the brushed metal of the Ecobee Premium and Nest models.
Best for Nest: Google Nest Learning Thermostat

The Google Nest Learning Thermostat (4th generation) uses artificial intelligence to learn your household’s preferences and deliver energy efficiency with little effort from you. Remote sensors are available to help out though unlike our top pick, they don’t support presence detection. The Nest isn’t hard to install, and a freshened design adds a raised edge, making the control easier to twist, without completely abandoning its design nod to the groundbreaking 1950s Dreyfuss round thermostat. I have encountered some issues in long-term testing, noted below.
Installation is straightforward, as long as your system is compatible and has a C wire for power. Although Nest says that its thermostat technically does not require a C wire in order to operate in most cases, not using it may risk damaging some types of sensitive modern HVAC systems. We recommend using the C wire if you have one available.

Google’s AI is top-notch. However…. As you manually adjust Nest’s initial suggested settings over the first week or so, it learns your preferences. After that, the Nest takes the wheel. Although it does a good job, it’s not a great job, and people who want to perfect their comfort or savings will have to make further manual settings (more below).
Where the AI really shines is in calculating how long it will take to bring your space to your preferred temperature. The speed at which your house heats and cools depends on variables like your HVAC type, your home’s insulation, and the local weather. If you want the house to be 68 degrees when you get up in the winter, the Nest calculates how much earlier to start heating when it’s 30 degrees outside, compared to the later start required by 45 degrees. (The Ecobee models have a similar feature, called Smart Recovery.) The Nest app displays the automatically generated Schedule, and it lets you adjust the temperature, switch settings and climate modes, and view a 10-day history.
It seems that for some owners the Nest model’s AI can sometimes go haywire, and I experienced that over the past year. For some Nest owners, the AI occasionally overrode their temperature preferences in an attempt to save energy. In my case I tried turning off geofencing and any other learning feature, but I still often had to go back and manually adjust the Nest — sometimes several times a day — to keep the house at my preferred temperature. Nest suggested that I may have failed to turn off the Auto-Eco setting, which would stop it from fiddling with the temperature automatically — however, having that on seemed to be the point.
Also, turning off geo-fencing may have made the thermostat guess that I wasn’t home, even when I was. I should have disabled my Home and Away Routine. The fact that other people have run into the same problem suggests that this thermostat is not as intuitive as it could be.
The Nest can work with remote Nest Temperature Sensors. You place these white mini pucks in different rooms to better average out temperatures throughout your home. The more pucks, the better the averaging works. But unlike the Ecobee’s SmartSensor, Nest’s sensors don’t have the ability to notice when someone is in a room, so unless you want to average some or all of those, you may end up manually scheduling which room to prioritize at what time—like the kitchen in the morning, the living room during the day, and the TV room in the evening. Nicely, the fourth-generation Nest is able to connect to sensors from previous models—so you can expand your network if you’re upgrading from a previous-generation Nest.
You can also control your thermostat with the Google Home app, Apple home, or any other Matter compliant app.
Nest’s AI works out what is best on average—but not everyone is average. Like other smart thermostats, Nest realizes the most energy savings by leveraging “setbacks,” which is the term for intentionally letting your home temperature drop a bit extra overnight in the winter (and rise a bit in the summer). The Department of Energy estimates that you can save up to 10% annually with a setback of seven to 10 degrees for eight hours a day.
There is a potential issue with setbacks that some owners may face, which makes setbacks of more than a few degrees problematic. Because some heating systems, especially heat pumps and hydronic heating with radiators, can take a relatively long time heat up a space, if a setback is too large, they may end up running nonstop all day to get to their goal temperature, “thereby canceling out any savings achieved by lowering the temperature setting,” according to the DOE. One solution is to manually set up your Schedule. Or you can set a limit to the setback (three or four degrees is what HVAC experts suggest) which allows you to still use the Nest’s AI features.
Nest works especially well with other Nest devices. This includes security and doorbell cameras. For instance, in the event of a fire, it can automatically tell your HVAC system to shut down to prevent the spread of flames and smoke throughout other parts of your home, and your Nest cameras will grab video during the emergency. It’s an attractive feature few smart thermostats offer. (Ecobee can do something similar if you have a First Alert Onelink smoke alarm and integrate it with Apple Home; if you have a Ring Alarm system with an Alarm Smoke and CO Listener, you can manually create an Alexa Routine to do the same thing.) Nest also supports integration with Alexa-compatible devices.
The Nest is sleek. The redesigned model has reduced the older model’s bulk a bit and raised an edge around the dial, making it easier to twist. Nest’s Farsight feature, which wakes the display as you approach, lets you choose from different display options, for instance showing a large digital clock with outdoor temperature, indoor temperature and humidity displayed as small icons. It still displays a green leaf when your settings are saving energy (a monthly report demonstrates how your savings compare to other “Nesters” in your area).
Flaws but not dealbreakers
- Unlike Ecobee’s remote sensors, Nest’s lack presence sensing, which registers when someone is in a particular room. That means the Nest has to be manually programmed to prioritize which room should be at your preferred temperature at what time. If you want the kitchen at 68 degrees Fahrenheit at 7 a.m., but you want your chillier office at 68 at 9 a.m., you can program it to do that (and don’t linger in the kitchen). Or you can go into the app and change which room to prioritize when you change locations. You fight the battle of the thermostat settings against yourself.
- Nest’s updated AI will probably satisfy people who don’t want to fuss with setup, but pickier people who want to optimize savings or comfort (me) will have to manually adjust settings. In my case, I saved some energy by shutting the heat off 90 minutes earlier than Nest AI did. I also had to restrict the overnight setback so the house could warm up before it was time to shut down again.
Privacy and security snapshot
- Nest collects information pertinent to the functioning of the thermostat, which may include your IP address, location, the age of your home, and your phone’s location (you can opt out).
- Nest does not sell personal data to third parties.
- Some data can be deleted here.
- You can read the full privacy statement here.
Budget pick: Amazon Smart Thermostat

The Amazon Smart Thermostat offers spartan controls, rudimentary AI, and no remote sensors (though you can use sensors in select Echo speakers as a workaround). Still, it’s functional enough, at a bargain price, that we think it’s worth considering for some people. It can be configured to run on a timed Schedule, or, using Alexa Hunches (Amazon’s term for Alexa’s AI-based learning feature), it can eventually deduce your patterns and suggest customized settings.
Don’t fret the blank screen. The Amazon Smart Thermostat can be set to display the temperature at all times, or you can wake it with a tap. You can adjust the temperature with up or down arrows. You can also opt to use Alexa voice controls through compatible devices or the Alexa app on your smartphone.
Amazon’s thermostat is made by Resideo/Honeywell Home. Honeywell is among the most trusted brands in the HVAC world, which gives us confidence the device will last, and customer service, which is also through the company, should be readily available.
Flaws but not dealbreakers
- The thermostat switches on and off with an audible click. If, like me, you are especially sensitive to sounds, you may find it irksome.
- In testing, if I paused too long during installation, the app would force me to start the entire process over. (It is frustrating and tedious.) If you want to ensure that doesn’t happen, make sure to have details about your system handy so you don’t have to run trying to beat the clock while scrounging for answers.
- The Alexa App requests access to far more personal data than is strictly reasonable, such as personal contacts. The good news is, you don’t have to agree to it; you can simply decline.
- Similarly, the Alexa App will ask to know your location, but because it uses that for geolocation, you may want to keep that setting on (geolocation tracks when your smartphone is at home, to turn the thermostat up or down after you leave or return). Turning off geolocation is fine, but understand that it will prevent your thermostat from working as intended. You’ll have to manually change the mode using the app whenever you leave or return, or experience reduced energy savings.
Privacy and security snapshot
- Your Amazon thermostat adds to the large pool of data Amazon collects, which includes your name, address, phone numbers, IP address, age, location, names and email addresses in your contacts. Users can opt out of some data collection or choose to keep voice commands stored locally—consult the privacy settings in the Alexa app.
- Amazon may share some personal data with third parties.
- You can read the full privacy notice here.
Our pick for smart thermostat for electric heating

The Mysa Smart Thermostat (v2) is a line-voltage smart thermostat made specifically to control 120- or 240-volt electric heating systems, especially baseboard-style (it also works with hydronic electric baseboards, in-ceiling radiant systems, and in-wall forced fans). The Mysa is simple to wire if you’re replacing an existing thermostat, though it does require dealing with residential voltage lines, which can be dangerous. The Mysa app is easy to use, and the thermostat has a simple design with a subtle, dot-matrix-like display and capacitive touch controls.
Mysa also offers the lower-priced Mysa Lite (which has far fewer smart features and a less elegant interface) and a version for mini-split heat pumps. We hope to test them both soon.
Installation is simpler than with low-voltage models. That’s because the Mysa has just three wires to deal with. But you’re dealing with much higher voltage levels—as much as 240 volts, versus 24 volts with the Google Nest, Ecobee, and Amazon thermostats—so it’s imperative that you turn off your breakers and follow instructions to the letter. Installation took just a couple minutes, and setup using the app to create an account and integrate smart platforms like Alexa and Apple Home was equally simple.
The Mysa app provides multiple angles for managing your energy usage. If attempting to program a Schedule seems daunting, you can simply adopt an Energy Star–recommended workweek Schedule (which assumes you work in an office), which lets temperatures drop to 61 degrees while you’re away before kicking on again for your return. You can also create a customized Schedule using the setup wizard in the app.
Early Start is a terrific optional setting that should learn how long it takes for your heater to get your room to your preferred temperature and then, going forward, adjust your Schedule to make everything toasty right on time (it’s similar to methods used by both Nest and Ecobee).
And the Intelligent Eco Mode lets the Mysa make periodic half-degree temperature drops to boost your savings over time. The idea is that while you won’t likely sense the difference, over time the savings from small changes can add up to be meaningful.
You may be able to realize huge energy savings (Mysa says up to 26%) without having to deal with complex installs or management. Electric baseboard heating generally works by being all the way on or off, which for a typical 1,000-watt unit is about the equivalent of running a microwave whenever it’s on. Unlike other systems that are largely centralized, electric heating is handled room by room—each room has a heater and a thermostat—which makes it especially hard to manage in a way that is convenient or efficient. (Anyone who has ever run around a house tweaking the heating on or off, room by room, a few times a day understands that forgetting to turn one off leaves a sinking feeling—it’s like wondering whether you’ve left the stove on and are using paper money as fuel.) Being able to create a smart Routine that automatically turns the heat down on all the baseboard units in a house when you leave is a simple, powerful sanity saver. Similarly, having the heat come on everywhere a bit before you come home so you don’t walk into a freezing house is wonderful. And being able to program independent Schedules for rooms throughout a home is game changing.
Mysa delivers near-real-time reports of electrical usage. It directly measures the current that runs through it, letting you see exactly how much energy you’re burning—which, besides causing mortal panic, is a useful tool for figuring out ways to adjust your settings to find the best balance of comfort and savings. The app interface displays a running graph that you adjust to the day, week, or month; you can toggle between views of Usage, Ambient Temperature, Humidity, and the Setpoint.
We’ll concede that all but the most devout thermostat nerd probably won’t spend regular time digging into this data. But if you’re looking for ways to save—like a friend who bought a home and was floored after getting his first heating-season electrical bill of $900-plus—it’s extremely helpful.
Flaws but not dealbreakers
- The biggest drawback to a Mysa thermostat isn’t really its fault. Since electrical baseboard heating typically requires a thermostat in every room, putting in smart units throughout a home can quickly add zeros to the purchase price. One way to save is to use a single Mysa to control multiple baseboard units that are on a single circuit (provided the total load doesn’t exceed 3,800 watts). If you use multiple units, each requiring its own thermostat, you could also save money by using the less expensive Mysa Lite for secondary rooms (or look at Mysa’s bundle deals).
Other smart thermostats worth considering
If you don’t want built-in Alexa: The Ecobee Smart Thermostat Enhanced performed as well as the Premium model in our tests, but it’s a lot less expensive because higher-end features are stripped out. It doesn’t have a built-in mic or an Alexa smart speaker, it doesn’t include a SmartSensor (they are sold only in pairs, for $80 to $100), the hardware is recycled plastic versus metal and glass, and it doesn’t have a built-in air-quality monitor.
What to look forward to
We intend to test the following models:
- The Meross Smart Thermostat for Electric and In-Wall Baseboard Heaters is an affordable line voltage model that can control electric baseboard, convector or fan-forced heating systems. It has built-in energy-use monitoring, and it is widely compatible with all the major smart-home platforms.
The competition
We have tested a number of thermostats that we don’t recommend for a variety of reasons, such as performance issues. We’ve also dismissed models for having fewer features (or the same features but at a higher price), because they’ve been discontinued, or because they have security concerns.
Those thermostats include the Emerson Sensi Touch, the Lux Kono, the iDevices Thermostat, and the Honeywell Home T9 Smart Thermostat.
We opted not to test the Honeywell Home XS2 Smart Thermostat, as it lacks true smart features shared by our picks, such as learning.
This article was edited by Jon Chase and Grant Clauser.